Letter Analyzing Pressure Steam Engines in Early U.S. Steamboats and Addresses the Mechanical causes of Boiler Explosions, 1823

Early Steamboat Technology

Manuscripts & Autographs

Warden, David Bailie. Irish Geographer. He published "Statistical, Political, and Historical Account of the United States of North America," "Bibliotheca Americana Septentrionalis and "Bibliotheca Americana." Autograph letter signed, April 15, 1823, Paris, addresses the mechanical causes of boiler explosions in early American steamboat navigation and provides a contemporary technical comparison between low and high pressure steam engine systems operating on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. The letter records measured pressure differentials and construction details, Warden writes in his hand "...The explosion of the boilers in the cases mentioned were with low pressure engines acting with a force of but 4 pounds on every square inch. The high pressure engine of Evans exerts a force of 145 pounds on the square inch. It was in use in Philadelphia before the patent was given to Mr. Gravetich for a similar one whose pressure did not exceed 60 pounds..Evans boiler is rod iron and cylindrical, 30 inches diameter.." He then mentions steam boats with 60 to 75 horsepower. Signed "D.B. Warden". In excellent condition. Warden further notes prior use of Evans’s engine in Philadelphia and compares it to other patented systems, emphasizing differences in pressure capacity and design.

Warden, David Bailie. Autograph Letter Signed. Paris, April 15, 1823. One page, approximately 8 x 10 inches. The manuscript provides detailed commentary on boiler construction and engine performance, including reference to cylindrical rod-iron boilers “30 inches diameter” and discussion of steam vessels operating at “60 to 75 horsepower.” The document is entirely in Warden’s hand and signed “D.B. Warden,” preserving a technical analysis grounded in firsthand observation and transatlantic knowledge exchange regarding American industrial practice. Written during the rapid development of steam-powered transportation in the early nineteenth century, the letter contributes to the documentary record of engineering experimentation preceding later federal regulation of steamboat safety in the United States. Its focus on pressure tolerances, material construction, and comparative engine design aligns with broader efforts to standardize and improve steam technology as river traffic intensified along major commercial corridors. Light handling wear; clean and legible throughout; signature clear. Overall very good condition.

Item #9478

Price: $550.00